[2] The group aimed to eschew the prevalent traditional academic style and find a new mode of artistic expression, which would form a bridge (hence the name) between the past and the present. [3] Kirchner writes of the people of Davos: "The people who live here are proud. His illustrations for Adelbert von Chamisso’s novel Peter Schlemihls wundersame Geschichte (1915; “Peter Schlemihl’s Wonderful Story”) and for the poem Umbra Vitae (1924) by the Expressionist poet Georg Heym are considered to be among the finest engravings of the 20th century. When I was leaving, I thought of Van Gogh’s fate and thought that it would be his as well, sooner or later. [3] In the winter of 1935, a new school was being planned to be built in Frauenkirch and Kirchner offered to paint a mural. His work was branded as "degenerate" by the Nazis in 1933, and in 1937 more than 600 of his works were sold or destroyed. It does upset me". Als Sohn eines Chemikers geboren, studierte er in Dresden Architektur, entschied sich aber dagegen, diesen Beruf auszuüben und schloss sich stattdessen 1905 der Dresdner Künstlergruppe Brücke an. Kirchner endured long periods of depression, and after the Nazis declared his work “degenerate” in 1937, he committed suicide. His late landscapes are often allegorical, showing human beings unencumbered by civilization and at peace with nature. In the museums, the hard-won cultural achievements of the last 20 years are being destroyed, and yet the reason why we founded the Brücke was to encourage truly German art, made in Germany. Everywhere a search for style, for psychological understanding of his figures. [3] In 1927, Kirchner organized a memorial exhibition for Albert Müller at the Kunsthalle Basel. For Kirchner, a newly discovered piece of wood presented a welcome challenge: "There is a figure in every trunk," he said, "one must only peel it … Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, born 1880, was said to be inconsiderate, difficult and continually suspicious. The most famous of them was Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. [14] From 3 August to 10 November 2008, the Museum of Modern Art in New York held a major exhibition that "probably comprises the very best of his oeuvre. [2] Between 1907 and 1911, he stayed during the summer at the Moritzburg lakes and on the island of Fehmarn (which he revisited until 1914) with other Brücke members; his work featured the female nude in natural settings. [3] He then returned to Frauenkirch and wrote to Dr. Hageman on 26 March 1926: "Now I’m sitting quietly at home again and I’m happy to be able to work undisturbed. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner studied the sculptures at the Völkerkundemuseum in Dresden, which influenced his own wood sculptures. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (6 May 1880 – 15 June 1938) was a German expressionist painter and printmaker and one of the founders of the artists group Die Brücke or "The Bridge", a key group leading to the foundation of Expressionism in 20th-century art. Bleyl described it as "that of a real bohemian, full of paintings lying all over the place, drawings, books and artist’s materials — much more like an artist’s romantic lodgings than the home of a well-organised architecture student". 757 recto / Nr. [3] Kirchner's father died on the 14 February. 1909, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, Tavern, 1909, Saint Louis Art Museum, Saint Louis, Naked Playing People, 1910, Pinakothek der Moderne, Munich, Fränzi in front of Carved Chair, 1910, Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid, Portrait of a Woman, 1911, Saint Louis Art Museum, Nollendorfplatz, 1912, Stiftung Stadtmuseum Berlin, Potsdamer Platz, 1914, Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin, Three Bathers in the Sea, c. 1914, National Gallery of Art, Brandenburger Tor, 1915, private Collection Würth in Germany, Der Rote Turm in Halle, 1915, Museum Folkwang, Königstein Station, 1916, Städel, Frankfurt am Main, At the Table, 1916, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, Self-portrait as aSick Person, 1918,, Pinakothek der Moderne, Munich, Two Brothers, 1921, Pinakothek der Moderne, Munich, Old Woman and Young Woman, 1921, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, The Sleigh Ride, 1923, Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Self portrait, 1925, Kirchner Museum Davos, Brücke bei Wiesen, 1926, Kirchner Museum Davos, View of Basel andthe Rhine, 1927-28, Saint Louis Art Museum, Landscape in Graubünden with Sun Rays, 1937, Violett House in Front of a Snowy Mountain, 1938, 20th-century German painter, sculptor, engraver and printmaker. Gleichzeitig besucht Kirchner eine private Kunstschule. All totes are available for worldwide shipping and include a money-back guarantee. All ernst ludwig kirchner paintings ship within 48 hours and include a 30-day money-back guarantee. The tote bag is machine washable, available in three different sizes, and includes a black strap for easy carrying on your shoulder. Die zwei Seiten der Leinwand, Ausstellungskatalog, Köln 2015, S. 169 D 123 mit Abb. The relief has found favour and was mentioned often in the speeches". Of course, I long more and more for my work and my studio. 5 of Das Kunstbaltt, where stated that he was not their patron. Beginn des Studiums der Architektur an der Technischen Hochschule in Dresden. View Ernst Ludwig Kirchner’s 5,539 artworks on artnet. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (6 May 1880 – 15 June 1938) was a German expressionist painter and printmaker and one of the founders of the artists group Die Brücke or "The Bridge", a key group leading to the foundation of Expressionism in 20th-century art. [3], Throughout 1936 and 1937, Kirchner began to experience health problems and was prescribed Ovaltine and Eukodal by his doctors. Kornfield, E. W.; Stauffer, Christine E. Stauffer (1992). Each picture had its own particular colourful character, a great sadness was present in all of them; what I had previously found to be incomprehensible and unfinished now created the same delicate and sensitive impression as his personality. In 1937, he was forced to resign from the Prussian Academy of Arts. Kirchner’s use of colour for visual impact may be seen in Girl under Japanese Umbrella (1906) and Artist and His Model (1907), works that show a superficial affinity with the paintings of Henri Matisse and the Fauves in France. [1], Ernst Ludwig Kirchner was born in Aschaffenburg, Bavaria. Lina Franziska Fehrmann (1900-1950), the adolescent model for Seated Girl, met Kirchner in 1910. Donald E. Gordon, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Mit einem kritischen Katalog sämtlicher Gemälde, München 1968, Nr. For Kirchner, art was an immediate, powerful translation of inner conflict into visual terms. In July 1915 he was sent to Halle an der Saale to train as a driver in the reserve unit of the 75th Mansfeld Field Artillery Regiment. Kirchner’s studies of the nude, such as Bathers at Moritzburg (1908), are often explicitly erotic, and in his lithograph Head of a Man with a Nude (1908), his fantasy of sexual aggression reaches nightmarish intensity. [3] Throughout 1916, Kirchner periodically returned to Berlin for a few weeks at a time to continue his work at his studio; he also produced a series of oil paintings, and many drawings, during his stays in Königstein. Maler, Grafiker. I was also glad to see the old pictures of Rembrandt, Dürer, etc. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, (born May 6, 1880, Aschaffenberg, Bavaria, Ger.—died June 15, 1938, near Davos, Switz. 1908, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, Woman with Black Hat, 1908, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, Head of a Woman, ca. Künstlerisch äußerte sich das in der Hinwendung zum … Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (1880-1938) Reitende Artilleristen signed with initial 'K' (upper right) oil on canvas 45 ½ x 45 ½ in. This composition, with its deliberate brushstrokes and forceful use of outline, articulates both Ernst Ludwig Kirchner's and Die Brücke's intent to reveal raw emotion without apologies. [12] In November 2006 at Christie's, Kirchner's Street Scene, Berlin (1913) fetched $38 million, a record for the artist. You can thank them only through work. Sensual, direct and dynamic, it defies all taboos. [3] The summer was very productive despite Kirchner's illness. ... As the woman with him rightly said, though many people want to help him, nobody is able to do so any longer. In most cases, work here has reached the ideal standard of being done with love. His mature style was highly personal and notable for its psychological tension and eroticism. This exhibition pays tribute to Kirchner’s inventive genius with a focus on his highly individual approach to color, which he viewed as the fundamental building block to his paintings. [10], Kirchner was then admitted to The Bellevue Sanatorium, run by Ludwig Binswanger, in Kreuzlingen where he continued to produce paintings and woodcuts. 1880. [3] Kirchner deeply resented this and did everything in his power to deceive the doctor: "Spengler didn’t know what to do with me, for my deception was totally alien to this excellent man’s way of thinking". [2] During the next two years, he painted a series of "Straßenszenen" (street scenes) showing the streets of Berlin,[2] with the central characters of street walkers. As the Nazi party took power in Germany, it became impossible for Kirchner to sell his paintings. Biografie: Ernst Ludwig Kirchner war ein deutscher Maler und Grafiker des Expressionismus. He cited the emotive work of Vincent van Gogh and Munch as artistic touchstones. Choose your favorite ernst ludwig kirchner paintings from millions of available designs. Get the best deals on Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Art Prints when you shop the largest online selection at eBay.com. [3] As Kirchner's father searched for a job, the family moved frequently and Kirchner attended schools in Frankfurt and Perlen until his father earned the position of Professor of Paper Sciences at the College of technology in Chemnitz, where Kirchner attended secondary school. recto und verso [6], Kirchner's studio became a venue which overthrew social conventions to allow casual love-making and frequent nudity. [3] He wrote of the house to Henry van de Velde: "I’m living in a beautiful old Grisons house with a kitchen that looks like Rembrandt’s studio". This painting is a real climax in his treatment of this theme. Some years earlier, in 1905, he had come together with other artists in … [6] They responded both to past artists such as Albrecht Dürer, Matthias Grünewald and [3], In 1917, at the suggestion of Eberhard Grisebach, Helene Spengler invited Kirchner to Davos where he viewed an exhibition of Ferdinand Hodler's paintings. Mai 1880 in Aschaffenburg; † 15. [3] Kirchner began creating designs for carpets which were then woven by Lise Gujer. Kirchner renders a balance between the two extremes (light and dark, bold and delicate) to create a harmonious composition, allowing the eye to sweep across the picture plane. [3] In 1931, he was made a member of the Prussian Academy of Arts in Berlin. A leading figure in the early-20th-century German Expressionist group Die Brücke, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner produced paintings, prints, and sculptures that opposed the conventions of academic art. [3], Soon after, Kirchner's close friend and mentor, Botho Graef died and Kirchner decided to return to Davos for treatment. Juni 1938 in Frauenkirch-Wildboden bei Davos/Schweiz) war ein deutscher Maler und Grafiker und zählt zu den wichtigsten Vertretern des Expressionismus . [3] On 15 June 1938, Kirchner took his own life by gunshot in front of his home in Frauenkirch. [3][10], Eberhard Grisebach visited him in March, writing to Helen Spengler of Kirchner's condition: "I spent two mornings with Kirchner which I shall never forget. Believing in development, in a new generation of those who create and those who enjoy, we call together the youth of today. [5] They discussed art together and also studied nature,[5] having a radical outlook in common. When you want to die, they sometimes appear to you. His reputation grew with several exhibitions in Germany and Switzerland in 1920. [3] Kirchner began writing critiques of his own art under the pseudonym of Louis de Marsalle in order to control public opinion of him and free himself of dependence upon the art critics of the day. This project was dropped and instead Kirchner created a sculpture to be placed above the door of the schoolhouse. The acid-yellow buildings loom precipitously over the pink rail yard, blocking out an eerie green sky. Only later will people understand and see how much he has contributed to painting". His works are found in many large modernist collections here and abroad. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner was born in 1880 and painted this picture when he was 30 years old. They help you when you work. I’m a little tired and sad about the situation up there. Lucas Cranach the Elder, as well as contemporary international avant-garde movements. This was part of a significant series of work during this period which many consider to be amongst the most influential within the … I found him sitting on a very low chair next to a small, hot stove in a yellow-painted, sloping-roofed attic. [6] Bleyl described one such model, Isabella, a fifteen-year-old girl from the neighbourhood, as "a very lively, beautifully built, joyous individual, without any deformation caused by the silly fashion of the corset and completely suitable to our artistic demands, especially in the blossoming condition of her girlish buds. This will really come to be a turning point of my life. He volunteered for army service in the First World War, but soon suffered a breakdown and was discharged. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner German, 1880–1938 176 works online In 1905, painter and printmaker Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, along with Fritz Bleyl, Erich Heckel, and Karl Schmidt-Rottluff —all untrained in the visual arts—founded the artists’ group Die Brücke, or “The Bridge,” a moment that is now considered the birth of German Expressionism. [2] His parents were of Prussian descent and his mother was a descendant of the Huguenots, a fact to which Kirchner often referred. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (pseudonim Louis de Marsalle; n. 6 mai 1880, Aschaffenburg, Germania - d. 15 iunie 1938, Davos, Elveția) a fost un pictor și grafician german, unul din principalii reprezentanți ai expresionismului.Kirchner a fost unul dintre fondatorii grupării artistice Die Brücke It was from this time that his finest works were created. Between 1901 and 1905, Kirchner studied architecture intermittently in Dresden, Germany. Kirchner volunteered to serve as a driver in the military in order to avoid being drafted into a more dangerous role. Über 600 dieser Werke wurden daraufhin verkauft oder zerstört. See available works on paper, prints and multiples, and paintings for sale and learn about the artist. His work was branded as "degenerate" by the Nazis in 1933, and in 1937 more than 600 of his works were sold or destroyed. But the jagged outlines of Kirchner’s forms and the wary expressions of the faces create a threatening mood that is absent in Fauvist works. Dear God. In this view from his Berlin studio window, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner deftly manipulated color and scale to create a nightmarish effect. In 1911 the members of Die Brücke moved to Berlin, where Kirchner produced masterful woodcuts for Der Sturm, Germany’s leading avant-garde periodical before World War I. [12] His first solo museum show in the US was at the Detroit Institute of Arts in 1937. [3] Kirchner continued to experience depression, occasional pain and paralysis of his limbs but wrote in a more cheerful tone to Dr. Hagemann at the end of July: "I wish to remain in the world and for the world. It was a celebration with songs, dancing and speeches, followed by drinking such as I have not seen or experienced in decades...They made a point of including me and so there I was, sitting once again amongst these people who had received me with such kindness and friendliness on the alp twenty years ago. 6. [3] He finished some important pieces during the two month, such as "View of the Church in Monstein" and "Rising Moon in the Stafelalp". 757 verso Hrsg. He volunteered for army service in the First World War, but soon suffered a breakdown and was discharged. We shall live here comfortably and in great new order. Painted in 1915 While attending classes, he became close friends with Fritz Bleyl, who … Emil Nolde sowie Max Pechstein waren ebenfalls Mitglieder dieser Gruppe. When you are completely empty and completely open, you belong to them". The high mountains here will help me". This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ernst-Ludwig-Kirchner, The Art Story - Biography of Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Art UK - Biography of Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Guggenheim - Biography of Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). For the time being, I would like more peace and absolute seclusion. [3] Kirchner then returned to Berlin and continued to work, producing many paintings including Self-Portrait as a Soldier (1915); in December 1915 he was admitted to Dr. Kohnstamm’s sanatorium in Königstein in Taunus, where he was diagnosed with a strong dependency on Veronal, and alcoholism. [3] In the same year, Kirchner visited Zurich, Berlin, and Essen. [3], In 1925, Kirchner became close friends with fellow artist, Albert Müller and his family. The conscious decision to leave white areas unrefined, making the process of carving visible, is a rejection of conventional academic teaching, a philosophy typified by Die Brucke. Die Studienjahre, die er nach dem Abitur in Chemnitz 1901 mit einem Architekturstudium an der Technische… ), German painter and printmaker who was one of the leaders of a group of Expressionist artists known as Die Brücke (“The Bridge”). Portrait of Otto Mueller Tote Bag by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. Other artists, including Emil Nolde, subsequently joined the group. Here a man’s word still counts, and you need have no fears about sleeping with your doors open. [3] In 1937, the Degenerate Art Exhibition took place in Germany; a total of 639 works by Kirchner were taken out of museums and 25 were displayed in the exhibition. As an architectural student, he was one of the founding members of the Brucke movement in 1905. You can see it in the movements of their hands. [3] [6] Kirchner continued studies in Munich from 1903 to 1904, returning to Dresden in 1905 to complete his degree. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner is one of the most famous German artists of the 20th century and his paintings combined a variety of influences which together formed an unforgettable and truly unique artistic style. [3] Rot-Blau, a new art group based in Basle, was formed by Hermann Scherer, Albert Müller, Paul Camenisch and Hans Schiess, who all visited Kirchner and worked under his guidance. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner carved this figure from a piece of oak, most likely driftwood that he gathered during a summer visit to the island of Fehmarn in the Baltic Sea. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. [2], In 1905, Kirchner, along with Bleyl and two other architecture students, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff and Erich Heckel, founded the artists group Die Brücke ("The Bridge"). Kirchner war ein Gründungsmitglied der Künstlergruppe Brücke. (115.8 x 115.8 cm.) I am so happy to be allowed to be here, and through hard work I should like to thank the people for the kindness they have shown me". [11] Erna Schilling, his life partner, visited him periodically in Frauenkirch, while also maintaining a residence in Berlin to take care of Kirchner's business there. [3], Kirchner continued to work through 1919 and 1920 as his health also rapidly improved. [3] He was also visited in Frauenkirch by the painter Fritz Winter. These circumstances distinguish the 1915 canvas from other avant-garde projects of the period such as Otto Dix’s print series The War(1924), in which the artist depicted the horrors he had witnessed first hand. Inge Herold/Ulrike Lorenz/Thorsten Sadowsky, Der doppelte Kirchner. In Street, Berlin (1907), the curvilinear rhythms of fashionable women on promenade accentuate the primitive sensuousness hidden beneath the panoply of fashion and propriety—a sensuousness rendered ominous by the savage, dark outlines of their figures and their masklike faces. Much of Kirchner’s work exhibits his preoccupation with malevolence and eroticism. [3] The house looked over Frauenkirch and the Stafelalp on one side and on the other, Davos and Kirchner used these landscapes as subjects for many of his paintings. He addressed them in "An open letter to the Basle Red-Blue group" in No. 1937 wurden seine Werke durch die Nazis als entartet gebrandmarkt. [1][3] Three days later, Kirchner was laid to rest in the Waldfriedhof cemetery. Lina Franziska "Franzi" Fehrmann (1900-1950), the adolescent model for Seated Girl, met Kirchner in 1910. Kirchner was forced to distance himself from Rot-Blau after they pledged allegiance to him, which upset Kirchner greatly. Kirchner never foug… This is a country in which democracy has become reality. Theories may be all very well for keeping a spiritual balance, but they are grey and shadowy compared with work and life". Ernst Ludwig Kirchner 1880-1938. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (1880-1938) is one of the greatest German artists of the early twentieth century. His second version of Street, Berlin (1913) reinforces his sardonic view of Berlin’s jaded society. [3] In December 1926, Kirchner's close friend, Albert Müller, died of typhus along with his wife, Anni Müller. [3], In 1923, Kirchner moved to the Wildboden house, writing in his diary: "Our new little house is a real joy to us. Together with 11 woodcuts, these works marked the start of Kirchner's Alpine life. [6] As part of the affirmation of their national heritage, they revived older media, particularly woodcut prints. [3] Kirchner visited Zurich at the beginning of May and met the dancer, Nina Hard, whom he invited back to Frauenkirch (despite Erna's objections). [3] To avoid being under constant watch, Kirchner moved to the Reusch Hut on the Stafelalp in the summer of 1917.